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目录
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Q：加拿大的作文是什么东西？
A：这次要讲的作文就是高中俗称的Essay。（Lab Report什么的我本身也非常无力，看看下次能不能勾搭大神来写。）
Q：记叙文？议论文？
A：英语课的essay里100%都是总分总式议论文。另外，偶尔老师也会让写个journal练练手什么的。没写过记叙文，和国内完全不一样哦。【冷漠一笑
Q：作文是怎么打分的啊？
A：在加拿大，布置作业前会有一张名叫rubric的说明。其中会详细地说明打分标准，精确到每一分。大家在写作文之前一定要认真看，然后再结合这篇文章的内容来写essay。
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几个概念
首先，必须区分一下这几个概念：
Topic 标题/题目：这就是你的作文的标题。举例：《高分Essay的正确姿势》就是这篇专栏的标题。
Theme 主题/主旋律：这是一个不包含观点的主题，作文的大方向。仅仅是一个方向，让你知道你要写什么。举例：Love，Loyalty，Innocence，Power，American Dream，Humanity等，只是个方向。
General Idea 总：一个笼统、概括的观点。在文章中的表现方式为Thesis。
Specific Idea 分：支持、解释、介绍论点的观点。在文中的表现方式为Topic Sentences。
Thesis 论点：一个观点。对所论述问题的见解和主张。举例：“True love does not exist.” “There is no absolute loyalty.” “美国梦只是虚幻缥缈、毫无意义的一场梦。” 就像我举的这几个例子，你的论点可以很叛逆，可以很与众不同，可以和普世价值观相悖，但是不能恶劣（比如说，我就是讨厌同性恋，我觉得黑人就是很粗鲁什么的）。就像在国内你不能毫无根据地抹黑政府，在国外你也不能堂而皇之地政治不正确。
Supporting Ideas（Topic Sentences）观点/论据：支持、解释、介绍论点的句子。
Conclusion 总结：Essay中很重要的一部分。总结全文的内容（topic sentence和thesis）。
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作文框架结构
在加拿大，所有的英语课essay都要遵循以下的框架。只有在知道了框架的前提下，我们才能写好一篇作文。如果把作文比作一条烤鱼，框架就是鱼的脊椎骨 大骨头。
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宇宙无敌·最强·最完美·最详细·高分·作文模板
—— “李瑶桐，你这中二什么时候能去治治啊？”
—— “滚犊子。【一记上勾拳】”
接下来来说一下作文的“模板”。这个是我们学校英语老师总结的。所有的高中essay都可以按照这个模板来写。因为思路清晰、条理清楚，分数绝对不会低于80%。如果把作文比作一条烤鱼，这个模板就是烤鱼的鱼刺。延伸到烤鱼身体每一部分的鱼刺。
>>> 基础版（非围绕小说的essay / journal）
Introduction
Body Paragraph #1
Body Paragraph #2
Body Paragraph #3
Conclusion
_____ .∞ .∞ .∞ .∞ _________ .∞ .∞ .∞ .∞ _________ .∞ .∞ .∞ .∞ _________ .∞ .∞ .∞ .∞ _____
>>> 不基础·超详细·超正式·超完美·终极版（小说类essay）
Introduction
Body Paragraph #1
Body Paragraph #2
Body Paragraph #3
Conclusion
_____ .∞ .∞ .∞ .∞ _________ .∞ .∞ .∞ .∞ _________ .∞ .∞ .∞ .∞ _________ .∞ .∞ .∞ .∞ _____
>>> Comparison Essay模板
Introduction
Body Paragraph #1
Body Paragraph #2
Body Paragraph #3
Body Paragraph #4
Body Paragraph #5
Body Paragraph #6
Conclusion
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高分技巧
当你有了烤鱼的一整个骨架的时候，我们需要的就是把鱼肉填进去了。所以，我们所创作的内容，我们所写的文字，我们所要表达的思想，就是鱼肉。这也是对于文章最重要的一点。
那么，当拥有了【宇宙无敌·最强·最完美·最详细·高分·作文模板】之后，我们该如何进一步写好一篇essay并取得高分呢？
1. 听课、读书、积累
首先，最重要的技巧就是在平时要多看书啊。写东西还是要靠积累的。不积累的话，思而不学则殆。脑子里空空如也，写作文的速度会慢很多，写出来的也只能是平淡无奇，空洞干瘪的文字。垃圾的我曾经就面临过这种问题。学霸同学写的东西字字有力，句句见解深刻。而我只能一句一句一边编一边挤，相当弱鸡。不仅文章内容高下立判，分数差也令人发指。
所以，英语课作文能写好的最重要的一点就是要上课听讲。一般essay要写的东西都是围绕最近学习的小说。比如读完To Kill A Mockingbird，可选theme就会Innocence，Prejudice。读完The Great Gatsby，就可以写：American Dream，Loyalty什么的。这些可写的内容，老师在课上一定会花大量时间去讲，当然也会有笔记。所以，只要上课听懂了理解了，等到写的时候就会笔下生风，拿老师所讲的内容抛砖引玉，结合自己的理解写出想说的东西。
2. 看Rubric
如前面所说。Rubric就是一个类似于评分标准的东西。老师的给分点会清晰地罗列出来。在写essay之前最好认真读一遍，看看老师有没有什么特别的要求或者特殊的偏好。最好能一边写essay一边对照着rubric来看，一点一点地确认是不是符合每条要求。
3. 开写之前做好充分准备
好像这样说很空洞很没条理，所以我决定列一个写essay的步骤给大家做参考。
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其他Essay的注意事项
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最后附一份我在网上找的关联词，简单整理了一下。然而实在找不到作者....欢迎作者联系我。谢谢。
1) 次序关系：
At this time first; second; at last; next; previously; simultaneously; eventually; last but not least; to begin with; to start with; to end with; finally; seeing...; since then; first of all; afterwards; following this; preceding this.
2) 因果关系：
because; because of this; being that; another important factor／reason of... since; as; for; in that...; owing to; due to; for the reason that...; in view of; the reason seems to be obvious; there are about... for this reason; as a result of this; therefore; ...and so...; consequently; as a result; thus; hence; so; so that...; in consequence; as a consequence; accordingly; inevitably; under these conditions; thereupon.
3) 转折关系：
but; even so; however; though; even though; independent of; reckless of despite that; in spite of that; regardless of; yet...; and yet; but unless.
4) 并列关系：
and; also; too; as well as; either...，or...; both...and...
5) (补充)递进关系：
furthermore; moreover; further; In this way still; not only...but also...; not...but...; in addition (to); additionally, much more interesting, more specifically, next, besides; as far as... is concerned; moreover; in other words; along this line of consideration; on the one hand...，on the other hand...; even; as a poplar saying goes...; in order to do it...; meanwhile; at the same time; accordingly; In the first place...， in the second place...; equally important; of even greater appeal.
6) 比较关系：
similarly; in like manner, in comparison with; when compared with; compared with; when in fact...; like...; likewise; similarly important; apart from (doing)...; ... rather than...，by doing so ; both…and...; in the same way; not only...but (also).
7) 对照(不同点)：
yet; still; for all of that; notwithstanding; rather; neither ... nor; although; though; but; however; something is just the other way around; yet; conversely; unlike; opposed to; as opposed to in contrast (to); by way of; on the contrary; different from this; as opposed to this; nevertheless; contrary to; whereas; while; but on the other hand.
8) 举例关系：
for example; for instance; in this case; namely; as you know; you may as／say; as he explains; like; such as; a case in point is...; consider...; in particular; including...; for one thing...；for another...; put it simply; stated roughly; as an illustration， I will say...; a good example (of...)would be...; to detail this，I would like to...; It is interesting to note that...; in this situation; as proof; take the case of; take as example (something); as for; as regards; as to; according to; on this occasion.
9) 强调关系：
in fact; especially; particularly; moreover; naturally; what is more important; in reality; certainly; of course; indeed; in particular; not to mention...; believe it or not; undeniably; other thing being equal; it is certain／sure that...; to be strict; to be true; by definition; definitely; undoubtedly; without a doubt; in truth, in any event(不论怎样); without reservation (毫无保留地); obviously, not only… but(also...), both... and...
10) 条件关系：
if; unless; lest; provided that; if it is the case; in this sense; once...; if possible; if necessary; if so; if not all; if anything.
11) 归纳总结类：
in other words; on the whole; in sum; therefore; hence; in short; in brief; to sum up; in conclusion; in summary; to conclude; the conclusion can be drawn that...; for this reason; in short.
12) 地点关系：
beyond; opposite to; adjacent to; at the same place; there; over; in the middle; around; in front of; in the distance; farther; here and there; above; below; at the right; between; on this side.
13) 目的关系：
with this object; for this purpose; in order that; in this way, since; so that; on that account; in case; with a view to; for the same reason.
14) 重申关系：
in other words; that is to say; as I have said; again; once again.
15) 结果关系：
accordingly; thus; consequently; hence; therefore; thereupon; inevitably; under these conditions; as a result; as a consequence; because; because of; so that; not only...but (also...); so... as to.
16) 顺序关系：
first; second; thirdly; next; then; at the outset (在开始时)，following this; at this time; now; at this point; after; afterward; after this; subsequently; lastly; finally; consequently; before this; previously; preceding this; simultaneously; concurrently(同时).
17) 时间关系：
at once; immediately; at length; in the mean time; meanwhile; at the same time; in the end; then; soon; not long after; later; at once; at last; finally; some time ago; at present; all of a sudden; from this time on; from time to time; since then; when; whenever; next point; a few minutes later; formerly; as; once; since; occasionally; in a moment; shortly; whereupon; previously. thereafter
